Palaeontologists have found 360 million year old placoderms, the oldest known jawed vertebrates, in the quarry of Strud, close to Namur. They mostly found young animals, which could be an indication that it was a nursery or spawning place.

Neandertals that lived near the Belgian caverns of Goyet were cannibals. Several bones show cut marks and percussion marks. It is the first evidence of Neandertal cannibalism in northern Europe.